Choosing the Right Gestra Steam Trap: Series Comparison
To help you select the ideal model for your application, here is a technical overview of the primary Gestra series available at FERGO:
Series & Type |
Primary Operating Principle |
Key Features & Model Examples |
Ideal Application & Condensate Load |
|---|---|---|---|
|
BK Series Thermostatic (Bimetallic) |
Utilizes a bimetallic regulator. Models like the BK15 include an internal strainer and check valve. Robust construction for stable operation. |
Principle: Thermostatic (Bimetallic) |
|
|
MK Series Thermostatic (Membrane) |
Features a tandem (5N1) or flat (5N2) Hastelloy® membrane. The MK45-1/MK45-2 includes a Y-strainer and integrated check valve. Compact Rhombusline design. |
Principle: Thermostatic (Membrane) |
|
|
UNA Series Mechanical (Float) |
Uses a DUPLEX regulating unit with various closure organs (e.g., AO8, AO32). Designed for horizontal installation (e.g., UNA45hl). Provides continuous condensate drainage. |
Principle: Mechanical (Float) |
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Warum FERGO als Partner für Gestra Kondensatableiter?
FERGO isn't just a supplier - we're on your team when it comes to process efficiency. Our experts help you find the right Gestra BK, MK, or UNA steam trap for your exact pressure, temperature, and condensate requirements. With a large inventory, we minimize wait times and cut down on project delays.
If you're aiming for better steam system performance and fewer headaches, check out our complete lineup of Gestra condensate drains online or talk to our technical team for tailored advice and support. With FERGO, your operation gets the reliability it needs - without compromise.
Frequently Asked Questions – Steam Traps
- Condensate blocks heat transfer surfaces – Heat exchangers, heating coils, and jacketed vessels lose efficiency when condensate accumulates, because condensate is a far worse heat conductor than steam.
- Entrained condensate causes water hammer – Liquid slugs in steam lines generate dangerous pressure surges that can damage pipework, valves, and plant equipment.
- Non-condensable gases (air, CO₂) reduce heat transfer – They settle on heat transfer surfaces and reduce system output.
- BK series (Thermostatic – Bimetallic) – The BK steam trap operates on the thermostatic bimetallic principle: Duostahl bimetallic plates respond to the temperature of the medium. Subcooled condensate opens the closing element – saturated steam closes it. Advantage: particularly robust, suitable for high pressures (PN40) and temperatures. The BK45 operates with back-pressure (condensate is discharged slightly subcooled) – ideal for energy-conscious operation and wherever immediate flash-free discharge is not required.
- MK series (Thermostatic – Membrane) – The MK steam trap (MK45-1, MK45-2, MK45A-1, MK45A-2) uses a Tandem membrane (5N1) that responds to temperature differences between steam and condensate. Exceptionally compact, with an integrated strainer (Y-screen) and integrated non-return valve – a space-saving all-in-one solution. Ideal for small to medium condensate loads, radiators, process plants, and wherever installation space is limited.
- DK series (Thermodynamic – Disc) – The DK47-L (low pressure) and DK47-H (high pressure) work on the thermodynamic disc principle: a free disc opens and closes through the pressure difference between incoming condensate and flash steam. Very robust, low-maintenance design with minimal moving parts. Suitable for tracer lines, steam main drainage, and intermittent condensate loads.
- UNA series (Mechanical – Float) – The UNA45hl is a float steam trap with Duplex control trim for horizontal pipeline installation. The float opens the closing element proportionally to the condensate level – condensate is discharged immediately and continuously at saturation temperature (no back-pressure operation). Highest capacity; ideal for large condensate loads, heat exchangers, and process applications with continuous condensate generation.
- AO 2 – ΔP max 2 bar – for low-pressure steam systems and radiators in building services
- AO 4 – ΔP max 4 bar – for low-pressure process steam systems
- AO 8 – ΔP max 8 bar – standard range for medium-pressure industrial steam systems
- AO 13 – ΔP max 13 bar – for medium to high operating pressures in the process industry
- AO 22 – ΔP max 22 bar – for high-pressure steam systems in chemicals and power generation
- AO 32 – ΔP max 32 bar – for the highest pressures, e.g. in power plants and petrochemical facilities
- Industrial steam heating and HVAC – Radiators, tracer lines, air heaters, and building heating systems using steam. The steam trap keeps radiators steam-filled and reliably discharges condensate without heat loss through steam blow-through.
- Heat exchangers and jacketed vessels – In process plants, steam heat exchangers and steam-heated reactors transfer heat to process media. Steam traps maximise heat transfer through immediate condensate discharge (UNA float preferred).
- Pharmaceutical industry – Precise steam control for sterile processes, autoclaves, CIP/SIP systems, and cleanroom air conditioning. Steam traps must meet the highest hygienic and safety requirements.
- Food and beverage industry – Steam heating, pasteurisation, sterilisation, and drying processes. Clean condensate discharge prevents steam blow-through and product contamination.
- Chemical and petrochemical industry – Process steam for reactors, distillation columns, evaporators, and tracer heating of pipelines carrying highly viscous media or melts.
- Power generation and power plants – High-pressure steam traps (AO 22 / AO 32) for steam turbines, feedwater heaters, and steam mains in gas, coal, and nuclear power plants.
- Compressed air treatment – Certain steam trap types (particularly DK and BK) are also suitable for draining compressed air lines and vessels.
- Steam blow-through (open steam trap) – If the steam trap remains permanently open or develops a leak, live steam escapes unused into the condensate network or the atmosphere. Since steam has a very high energy density, this causes substantial energy losses and direct additional costs for steam generation. In larger plants, faulty steam traps can account for 10–30% of total steam consumption.
- Water hammer from condensate flooding – If the steam trap remains closed (flooding despite condensate accumulation) or becomes blocked, condensate collects in the steam line. Fast-moving steam picks up condensate slugs – the impact on bends, valves, and heat exchangers creates pressure surges (water hammer) that can cause pipe fractures and plant damage.
- Performance loss from condensate flooding in heat exchangers – Accumulated condensate covers heat transfer surfaces and reduces effective heating area. Heat transfer coefficient falls, process times lengthen, and product quality suffers.
- Regular steam trap inspection – GESTRA steam traps are designed for straightforward condition monitoring. Regular inspection (acoustic, thermographic, or with test instruments) ensures plant efficiency and prevents costly failures.
- High-quality materials – Body in steel (1.0460 / ASTM A105) or stainless steel (1.4027) for broad application ranges; internals in stainless steel (CrNi); gasket in graphite/CrNi for reliable sealing at high temperatures and pressures.
- Comprehensive connection options – Threaded sockets to EN ISO 228-1, butt-weld ends to EN 12627, flanges PN10 / PN16 / PN40, ANSI Class 150, and ASME B16.5 Class 300 – for integration into any national or international pipeline system.
- Wide pressure range – Closing elements from AO 2 to AO 32 (ΔP max 2–32 bar) cover all industrial steam pressure ranges.
- Nominal sizes DN10 to DN65 – For all common condensate line sizes.
- Face-to-face EN 1092-1 PN40 Form B1 – Standardised face-to-face dimensions (e.g. 150 mm or 160 mm) for straightforward installation and replacement in existing systems.
- 186 models from stock – FERGO stocks the complete GESTRA steam trap range for fast delivery without long lead times.
- Operating pressure and back-pressure – The differential pressure between the steam pressure upstream of the steam trap and the back-pressure in the condensate return system determines the required closing element (AO 2 to AO 32). Never select an AO smaller than the actual differential pressure.
- Condensate load – Small to medium loads: MK membrane trap or BK bimetallic trap. Large, continuous condensate loads: UNA float trap for immediate discharge at saturation temperature.
- Installation orientation – The UNA45hl is designed for horizontal pipework (hl = horizontal left). BK and MK are generally more flexible in installation orientation.
- Operating mode – Continuous process operation (UNA float preferred for immediate condensate discharge) or intermittent operation (BK or DK suitable).
- Application type – Steam main drainage / tracer lines: DK disc trap. Radiators / small process plants: MK membrane trap. Heat exchangers / large process plants: UNA float trap.
- Material – Steel for standard steam; stainless steel (1.4027) for higher corrosion requirements or aggressive condensates (e.g. CO₂-laden condensate).
- Thermostatic membrane steam trap – The patented Tandem membrane 5N1 opens with subcooled condensate and closes with steam. The membrane combines high response sensitivity with long service life and straightforward replacement of the control trim.
- Integrated strainer (Y-screen) – Protects the membrane and closing element from particles and deposits from the steam line. In a separate system, an upstream strainer would be required – here it is already built in. Saves installation space, reduces assembly effort, and eliminates a potential leak point.
- Integrated non-return valve – Prevents back-flow of condensate from the return system into the steam plant during pressure drops. Protects against condensation and water hammer during pressure fluctuations in the condensate network.